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ASTM A240, types 316 and 316L are chromium-nickel austenitic steels. The addition of molybdenum element increases the Corrosion resistance of stainless steels. This is the main reason why 316/316l is more corrosion resistant than 304/304l. 316L low carbon steels may be almost as strong as 316, if not slightly stronger than 316 steel. Another difference is that 316L has less carbon content, so it can be used for welding processes.
316/316L steels show good corrosion resistance when welded in both atmospheric and oxidizing environments, even in marine atmospheres. Typically, 316/316l steel becomes non-magnetic when annealed, but cold drawing or cold rolling can weaken the magnetic properties, but the magnetic properties can be restored by further processing.
Alloys 316 (UNS S31600) and 316L (UNS S31603) are molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steels, which are more resistant to general corrosion and pitting/crevice corrosion than the conventional chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels such as Alloy 316L. These alloys also offer higher creep, stress-to-rupture, and tensile strength at elevated temperatures. In addition to excellent corrosion resistance and strength properties, the Alloys 316 and 316L Cr-Ni-Mo alloys also provide excellent fabricability and formability which are typical of the austenitic stainless steels The material has superior welding and forming qualities. Grade 316 will require post-weld annealing to promote maximum corrosion resistance, though this is not necessary if Type 316L is used.
The steel was initially produced for the paper producing industry as it has been shown to be highly resistant to the sulphur compounds used in paper processing Typical applications for this material are now widespread due to its superior corrosion resistance properties when compared to Grade 316L. Type 316 stainless can be found in heat exchangers, pharmaceutical equipment, dairies and breweries, marine fittings, coastal architectural fascia and fittings and in food preparation areas 316 & 316L steel plate and Plates have common properties and are often stocked with Dual Certification, where it is determined that both have properties and composition which comply with both steel types Type 316H is excluded from this scenario by virtue of the fact that unlike 316 & 316L, 316H is engineered to work in elevated working temperatures.
Marine Applications Due to their resistance to chloride environments and Chemical and Petrochemical Industries For their ability to withstand harsh chemical environments and or Medical Devices Given their biocompatibility and Food Processing Equipment Because of their resistance to organic and inorganic chemicals and ease of cleaning and Architectural Applications For their aesthetic appearance and durability.
ASTM A240 Grade 316/316L stainless steel plates and sheets are integral to industries requiring durable, corrosion-resistant materials. Their chemical composition and mechanical properties make them suitable for a variety of applications, from marine environments to medical devices. Their ability to maintain structural integrity under extreme conditions, combined with excellent formability and weldability, ensures their continued popularity in diverse fields.
Sr. No. | Size (in mm) | Thickness | Specification | Manufacturer |
1 | 1000 x 2000 1220 x 2440 (4' x 8') 1250 x 2500 1500 x 3000 To 6000 2000 x 4000 To 6000 |
0.3 mm to 120 mm |
A-240 | Jindal, Acroni, Columbus, Acerinox, Thysenkrupp, Posco, Aperam, BRG etc. |
Grade | 316L, 316LL, 316LH, 316, 316L, 316LN, 316Ti, 309, 310S, 317L, 321, 347, 409, 410, 420, 430, 446, 202 Etc. | ||
Sheet Finishing | 2B, 2D, HR, CR, BA (No. 8), Satin (Met with PVC Coated) | ||
Sheet& Plate in Form of | Coils, Copper Coils, Copper Plates, Copper Sheets, Foils, Shim Sheet, Perforated Sheet, Chequered Plate, Strip, Flats, Blank (Circle), Ring (Flange) Etc. | ||
Value Added Service | Cladding Heat Treatment Annealed |
Pickling, Polish Rolling Cutting |
Bending Forging Minor Fabrication Etc. |
Test Certificate |
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Specialize | Shim Sheet, Perforated Sheet (Round, Square & Oblong Hole) & as per your Drawing |
Percentage by Weight (maximum unless range is specified) |
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Element | Alloy 316 | Alloy 316L | Alloy 317L |
Carbon | 0.08 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
Manganese | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 |
Silicon | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 |
Chromium | 16.00 18.00 |
16.00 18.00 |
18.00 20.00 |
Nickel | 10.00 14.00 |
10.00 14.00 |
11.00 15.00 |
Molybdenum | 2.00 3.00 |
2.00 3.00 |
3.00 4.00 |
Phosphorus | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.045 |
Sulfur | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
Nitrogen | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
Iron | Balance | Balance | Balance |
General corrosion
Alloys 316, 316L, and 317L are more resistant to atmospheric and other mild types of corrosion than the 18-8 stainless steels. In general, media that do not corrode 18-8 stainless steels will not attack these molybdenum-containing grades. One known exception is highly oxidizing acids such as nitric acid to which the molybdenum-bearing stainless steels are less resistant.
Both Alloys 316 and 317L are susceptible to precipitation of chromium carbides in grain boundaries when exposed to temperatures in the 800 to 1500°F (427 to 816°C) range. Such "sensitized" steels are subject to intergranular corrosion when exposed to aggressive environments. Where short periods of exposure are encountered, however, such as in welding, Alloy 317L with its higher chromium and molybdenum content, is more resistant to intergranular attack than Alloy 316 for applications where light gauge material is to be welded. Heavier cross sections over 7/16 inch (11.1 mm) usually require annealing even when Alloy 317L is used.
Intergranular corrosion Tests | |||
ASTM A262 evaluation Test |
Corrosion Rate, Mils/Yr (mm/a) | ||
Alloy 316 | Alloy 316L | Alloy 317L | |
Practice B Base Metal Welded |
36 (0.9)41 (1.0) | 26 (0.7)23 (0.6) | 21 (0.5) 24 (0.6) |
Practice e Base Metal Welded |
No Fissures on Bend Some Fissures on Weld (unacceptable) |
No Fissures No Fissures |
No Fissures No Fissures |
Practice A Base Metal Welded |
Step Structure Ditched (unacceptable) |
Step Structure Step Structure |
Step Structure Step Structure |
Structure
When properly annealed, Alloys 316 and 317L are primarily austenitic. Small quantities of ferrite may or may not be present. When slowly cooled or held in the temperature range 800 to 1500°F (427 to 816°C), carbides are precipitated and the structure consists of austenite plus carbides.
Melting Range: 2450 to 2630°F (1390 to 1440°C)
Density: 0.29 lb/in3 (8.027 g/cm3)
Modulus of Elasticity in Tension: 29 x 106 psi (200 Gpa)
Modulus of Shear: 11.9 x 106 psi (82 Gpa)
Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion
Temperature Range | Coefficients | ||
°F | °C | in/in/°F | cm/cm/°C |
68 - 212 | 20 - 100 | 9.2 x 10-6 | 16.5 x 10-6 |
68 - 932 | 20 - 500 | 10.1 x 10-6 | 18.2 x 10-6 |
68 - 1832 | 20 - 1000 | 10.8 x 10-6 | 19.5 x 10-6 |
Temperature Range | Btu•in/hr•ft2•°F | W/m•K | |
°F | °C | ||
68 - 212 | 20 - 100 | 100.8 | 14.6 |
The overall heat transfer coefficient of metals is determined by factors in addition to thermal conductivity of the metal. The ability of the 18-8 stainless grades to maintain clean surfaces often allows better heat transfer than other metals having higher thermal conductivity.
°F | °C | Btu/lb•°F | Jkg•K |
68 | 20 | 0.108 | 450 |
200 | 93 | 0.116 | 485 |
Magnetic Permeability of ASTM A240 TP 316L Stainless Steel Plates Austenitic stainless steels are non-magnetic in the annealed, fully austenitic condition. The magnetic permeability of the Alloys 316 and 317L in the annealed condition is generally less than 1.02 at 200 H (oersteds). Permeability values for cold deformed material vary with composition and the amount of cold deformation but are usually higher than that for annealed material.
Room Temperature Tensile Properties
Minimum mechanical properties for annealed Alloys 316, 316L and 317L austenitic stainless steel plate as required by ASTM specifications A240 and ASME specification SA-240 are shown below.
Property | Minimum Mechanical Properties Required by ASTM A240 and ASME SA-240 | ||
Alloy 316 (S31600) | Alloy 316L (S31603) | Alloy 317L (S31703) | |
Yield Strength 0.2% Offset psi (MPa) |
30,000 (205) |
25,000 (170) |
30,000 (205) |
Ultimate Tensile Strength psi (MPa) |
75,000 (515) |
70,000 (485) |
75,000 (515) |
Percent elongation in 2 in. or 51 mm. | 40.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 |
Hardness Max. Brinell (RB) |
217 (95) |
217 (95) |
217 (95) |
Representative short time elevated temperature tensile properties for Alloys 316, 316L, and 317L of the following analyses are shown below.
Alloy | C | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo |
316 | 0.080 | 1.5 | 17.78 | 12.5 | 2.46 |
316L | 0.015 | 1.84 | 16.17 | 10.16 | 2.11 |
317L | 0.025 | 1.72 | 18.48 | 12.75 | 3.15 |
The annealed austenitic stainless steels maintain a high level of impact resistance even at cryogenic temperatures, a property which, in combination with their low temperature strength and fabricability, has led to their extensive use in cryogenic applications. Representative Charpy V-notch impact data for annealed Type 316 at room temperature are shown below.
Temperature | Energy Absorbed | ||
°F | °C | Ft-lb | J |
75 | 23 | 65 - 100 | 88 - 134 |
The austenitic stainless steels are provided in the mill annealed condition ready for use. Heat treatment may be necessary during or after fabrication to remove the effects of cold forming or to dissolve precipitated chromium carbides resulting from thermal exposures. For the Alloys 316 and 317L the solution anneal is accomplished by heating in the 1900 to 2150°F (1040 to 1175°C) temperature range followed by air cooling or a water quench, depending on section thickness. Cooling should be sufficiently rapid through the 1500 to 800°F (816 to 427°C) range to avoid reprecipitation of chromium carbides and provide optimum corrosion resistance. In every case, the metal should be cooled from the annealing temperature to black heat in less than three minutes.
Alloys 316 and 317L cannot be hardened by heat treatment.
Initial | 2100 - 2200°F (1150 - 1205°C) |
Finishing | 1700 - 1750°F (927 - 955°C) |
The austenitic stainless steels, including the Alloys 316 and 317L, are routinely fabricated into a variety of shapes ranging from the very simple to very complex. These alloys are blanked, pierced, and formed on equipment essentially the same as used for carbon steel. The excellent ductility of the austenitic alloys allows them to be readily formed by bending, stretching, deep drawing, and spinning. However, because of their greater strength and work hardenability, the power requirements for the austenitic grades during forming operations are considerably greater than for carbon steels. Attention to lubrication during forming of the austenitic alloys is essential to accommodate the high strength and galling tendency of these alloys.
The austenitic stainless steels are considered to be the most weldable of the stainless steels. They are routinely joined by all fusion and resistance welding processes. Two important considerations for weld joints in these alloys are (1) avoidance of solidification cracking, and (2) preservation of corrosion resistance of the weld and heat-affected zones.
Fully austenitic weld deposits are more susceptible to cracking during welding. For this reason, Alloys 316, 316L, and 317L "matching" filler metals are formulated to solidify with a small amount of ferrite in the microstructure to minimize cracking susceptibility.
ASTM A240 TP 316L Stainless Steel Platesis sleeved into plastic bag individually, pieces wrapped with water-proof Material Such as Brass Plates, Brass Sheets bundled with nylon rope. Clear labels are tagged on the outside of the package for easy identification of the quantity and product I.D. Great care is taken during operation and transportation. SS 316L Stainless Steel Plate packing will be according to international Steel Standard in bundles strapped by strips then into containers to avoid any damage.
We export ASTM A240 TP 316L Stainless Steel Plates and Sheets to Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, Kuwait, Turkey, Egypt, Yemen, Syria, israel, Jordan, Cyprus, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, South Korea, Japan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bangladesh, Mayanmar, Taiwan, Cambodia, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Uruguay, United States of America, Canada, Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica, Puerto Rica, Trinidad And Tobago, Jamaica, Bahamas, Denmark, Russia, Norway, Germany, France, Italy, United Kingdom, Spain, Ukraine, Netherland, Belgium, Greece, Czech Republic, Portugal, Hungary, Albania, Austria, Switzerland, Slovakia, Finland, Ireland, Croatia, Slovenia, Malta, Nigeria, Algeria, Angola, South Africa, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, Equatorial Guinea, The Republic of Congo, Gabon, Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Middle East, Far East.etc.
Prosaic Steel and Alloys is a well known worldwide exporter of ASTM A240 TP 304 Stainless Steel Plates and Sheetsis committed to provide each and every customer with the highest standard of customer service. We deals in ASTM A240 TP 316L Stainless Steel Plates and Sheets in India & Overseas, offering a wide range of ASTM A240 TP 304 Stainless Steel Plates and Sheets.
Prosaic Steel and Alloys is Leading Manufacturer, Distributor, Exporter, Stockholder and Supplier of ASTM A240 TP 316L Stainless Steel Plates and Sheets in United States of America (USA), Saudi Arabia, Italy, Netherlands, Germany, Canada, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia